Titanium Grade 2 is the workhorse commercially pure (CP) titanium, prized for corrosion resistance and ductility. Grade 12 (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) adds molybdenum and nickel for higher strength and improved corrosion in reducing acids. Here is the comparison.
1. Chemical Composition Comparison (%)
| Element | Titanium Grade 2 (UNS R50400) | Titanium Grade 12 (UNS R53400) |
|---|---|---|
| Titanium (Ti) | Balance | Balance |
| Oxygen (O, max) | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe, max) | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | — | 0.2 – 0.4 |
| Nickel (Ni) | — | 0.6 – 0.9 |
| Carbon (C, max) | 0.08 | 0.08 |
2. Mechanical Properties (Typical, Annealed)
| Property | Titanium Grade 2 | Titanium Grade 12 |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | ≥345 | ≥483 |
| Yield Strength 0.2% (MPa) | ≥275 | ≥345 |
| Elongation (%) | ≥20 | ≥18 |
| Density | 4.51 g/cm³ | 4.53 g/cm³ |
3. Key Technical Differences
- Strength: Grade 12 offers roughly 40% higher yield strength than Grade 2.
- Corrosion: Grade 12 improves resistance in reducing acids and crevice corrosion over CP titanium.
- Formability: Grade 2 is more ductile and easier to cold form.
- Cost: Grade 12 is more expensive due to alloying and lower production volume.
5. Key Application Areas
Titanium Grade 2 application areas
- Heat exchanger and condenser tubing
- Chemical processing tanks and piping
- Desalination and seawater systems
- Anode and cathode components in electrolytics
Titanium Grade 12 application areas
- High-strength heat exchanger shells and tubes
- Reducing acid service (sulfuric, hydrochloric) equipment
- Oil & gas downhole and wellhead components
- Pressure vessels requiring higher strength-to-weight
Frequently asked questions
Is Grade 12 basically alloyed CP titanium?
Yes. Small Mo and Ni additions strengthen it while preserving much of Grade 2's corrosion behavior.
Which is better for seawater?
Both excel, but Grade 12 offers better crevice corrosion resistance in hot seawater.
Can Grade 12 replace Grade 2 structurally?
Yes, and its higher strength allows thinner, lighter components.
Is Grade 2 easier to weld?
Both weld well with proper inert gas shielding; Grade 2 is more forgiving.
Which is more available?
Grade 2 is far more common and economical.
Does Hangbo provide both grades?
Yes, in sheet, plate, bar, tube, and custom forgings with full certification.